Premenstrual Syndrome: Understanding the Physical and Emotional Impact on Women

Every month, women across the globe experience premenstrual syndrome (PMS), a condition characterized by a range of physical, emotional, and behavioral changes. During the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle, typically one to two weeks before menstruation, women may find themselves grappling with symptoms that disrupt their daily lives.

It is estimated that nearly 95% of women of reproductive age face premenstrual symptoms, with the condition recurring cyclically and usually resolving with the onset of menstruation. For many women in Srinagar and beyond, PMS can quietly affect their emotional well-being and ability to manage everyday responsibilities.

One woman shared her experience, stating, “It becomes very difficult to manage daily tasks. Every month, a week before my period, I feel restless. I lose my appetite and struggle to sleep. I don’t feel like the same person I am on other days.” Another woman described more severe symptoms, including anxiety attacks and palpitations, ultimately attributed to hormonal imbalances preceding menstruation.

Dr. Ruksana Qureshi, a consultant gynaecologist, highlighted that PMS can manifest in various ways, including anxiety, irritability, abdominal cramps, breast tenderness, fatigue, bloating, headaches, and sleep disturbances. These symptoms are primarily driven by hormonal fluctuations involving oestrogen, progesterone, and serotonin.

While medication may be necessary for severe cases, Dr. Qureshi emphasized the importance of lifestyle modifications in managing PMS. A balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, dry fruits, and eggs, coupled with regular physical activity, can help alleviate symptoms. Avoiding unhealthy foods high in oil and sugar is crucial, as they can exacerbate hormonal imbalances.

Dr. Qureshi also underscored the impact of sedentary lifestyles on PMS symptoms, noting that regular physical activity is essential for hormone regulation and stress relief. She recommended early prevention through healthy eating habits, particularly among adolescents, to mitigate the long-term effects of PMS.

Addressing PMS requires a combination of awareness, healthy lifestyle choices, and timely medical intervention. By promoting understanding and support for women experiencing PMS, we can ensure they receive the care they need to navigate this common yet often overlooked condition.

Article By: Faria Bhat